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DOTA CORE MECHANICS & RULES
Essential reference guide to Dota 2 mechanics: gold economy math, buyback formulas, creep equilibrium and pulling, tower fortification, runes, and Roshan pit timings.
New Frontiers
Map Expansion 40% larger terrain
Day/Night
Roshan Migration North / South pits
20:00
Tormentor Spawn Free Shard mechanic
Gold Economy & Buyback Formulas
Reliable gold (from hero kills, Roshan, towers, and couriers) is never lost upon death. Unreliable gold (from creep farming and passive trickle) is lost on death.
Incurs a 480-second cooldown and adds 25 seconds to the hero's next death timer.
Lane Equilibrium & Denying
Allied creeps below 50% HP can be attacked. Denying grants the denying team a portion of gold and restricts the enemy hero to only 50% experience.
Luring neutral creeps out of their camp spawn box between X:53 - X:55 allows a fresh wave to spawn, stacking the camp. Stackers earn 30% bonus gold when farmed.
Towers & Glyph of Fortification
Towers grant true sight in a 900 radius, gain bonus armor when multiple enemy heroes surround them, and feature Backdoor Protection if enemy creeps are not within proximity.
Makes all buildings and creeps temporarily invulnerable. Automatically refreshes its cooldown when a Tier 2, Tier 3, or Melee Barracks falls.
Roshan & Tormentor Timers
Roshan resides in the South pit during the day and travels through Twin Gates to the North pit at night. Respawns 8 to 11 minutes after death.
Features a 2500+ damage barrier and reflects 70% of damage taken to attackers. Defeating it awards an Aghanim's Shard to one of the lowest net worth heroes.